GLOBAL WARMING Arctic sea ice is declining


precipitously, arctic-alpine and other cold-adapted communities


are contracting, while sea-level rise threatens coastal ecosystems.


Emerging Threats to Fungi


(and All Life) DROUGHTS


Periods with diminished


precipitation are becoming longer, more frequent, and warmer, with


grave consequences for all life.


DEFORESTATION


Te tropics lost 29.4 million acres of forest in 2019, mostly to agriculture.


NITRIFICATION Fertilizer and products INSECTICIDES


of fossil fuels combustion are nitrifying the planet, challenging the biotas adapted to low-nutrient conditions.


Modern, industrialized agriculture, with its increasing reliance on chemical insecticides, has led to chronic contamination of wild lands–and impacts to non-target species.


Fall 2021 FUNGI Volume 14:4 37


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