experienced proceduralists and facilitate teleradiology services by remotely interpreting and reporting on imaging studies in which there may be an opportunity to offer a minimally invasive treatment option.


Flexibility Many small or rural IR practices may have a limited number of physicians and minimal, if any, nurse practitioner or physician assistant support. Telehealth offers flexibility to these practices by providing a window of availability. This can allow for coordination of telehealth services without significant interruptions to the procedural workflow and limits the amount of blocked time required to conduct an in-person clinic.


However, telehealth is a supplement to, and not a replacement for, a full-fledged in-person IR clinical practice. For example, in my practice we schedule many of our telehealth consults and follow-ups during a normal procedural workday, providing patients with 2- to 4-hour windows in which they may be contacted as the IR physician or NP becomes available during room turnover or between inpatient consults or daily rounding.


Challenges It is important to note that the specific implementation of telehealth services may vary depending on the regulatory guidelines and technological infrastructure available in the region where the IR practices. Compliance with patient privacy and data security regulations, as well as ensuring a high-quality telecommunication setup, is crucial to provide effective and safe telehealth services. The ability to provide telehealth services out of state depends on various factors, including regulatory requirements, licensing and professional guidelines. It is essential to consult the specific laws and regulations of the states involved and seek legal or professional advice to ensure compliance. There are several points to consider.


22 IRQ | FALL 2023


Many small or rural IR practices may have a limited number of physicians and minimal, if any, nurse practitioner or physician assistant support. Telehealth offers flexibility to these practices by providing a window of availability.


Licensing In most cases, healthcare professionals must hold a license in the state where the patient is located to provide telehealth services legally. Licensing requirements typically involve obtaining a state-specific license or a special telehealth license from the state medical board.


Interstate medical practice Some states have established regulations or agreements that allow for limited practice across state lines without obtaining additional licenses. For instance, certain states have implemented the Interstate Medical Licensure Compact, which enables qualified physicians to obtain expedited licenses in participating states.


However, these regulations may not apply to all healthcare professions or states, so it’s necessary to verify the specific requirements.


State-specific telehealth laws Different states may have their own telehealth laws and regulations that specify the permissible scope of practice, patient–provider relationship, prescribing limitations and other factors. Familiarize yourself with the laws of the state where the patient is located to ensure compliance.


Professional guidelines and liability insurance Professional organizations and medical boards often provide guidelines for practicing telehealth, which may include recommendations for providing services out of state. Additionally, ensuring appropriate liability insurance coverage is important to protect yourself in case of any legal issues or malpractice claims.


Informed consent Regardless of the state, it’s important to obtain informed consent from the patient before providing telehealth services. Clearly explain the limitations, potential risks, benefits and alternatives of telehealth consultations or treatments to ensure the patient understands and agrees to proceed.


Conclusion Telehealth can have a true impact on rural patient populations and expand the scope of services for a small IR practice. With careful implementation and guidance, this technology can improve IR output and bring minimally invasive procedures to parts of the country that are in desperate need of care.


Arun Jagannathan, MD, is an interventional radiologist with Central Illinois Radiological Associates, Ltd. and the Section Chief of Interventional Radiology at Riverside Medical Center in Kankakee, IL, and OSF Little Company of Mary Medical Center in Evergreen Park, IL.


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