ANSWERS TO “TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE” ON PAGE 38 Answers:
1. The answer is choice “b” or “Plinian.” Please refer to the table to the right.
2. The answer is choice “c” or “2 to 64 mm.” Choice “a” best applies to “sand- size” particles, while choice “b” corresponds to “cobble-size.”
3. The answer is choice “c” or “Stoke’s Law.” It expresses the settling veloci- ties of small spherical particles sinking into a fluid medium.
V = [(2/9) * (d1-d2) * (g) * (r2 For the above:
V = settling velocity, d1 = density of the particle, d2 = density of the fluid of gravity.
Gay-Lussac’s Law may refer to a series of principles or discoveries, but
the most famous is the “pressure law.” It states that the pressure of a gas of fixed mass and fixed volume is directly proportional to the absolute temperature of the gas.
P1T2 = P2T1 Kepler’s Law refers to three principles of planetary motion. The first
law states that all planets move in elliptical orbits with the sun as one focus. The second law states that a line that con- nects a planet to the sun sweeps out equal areas in equal times. The third law states that the ratio of the square of the revolutionary period (in years) to the cube of the orbital axis (in astronomical units) is the same for all planets.
Well, as you know, Murphy’s Law is commonly applicable to things that we do and no one is immune! 4.
The answer is choice “a” or inoceramus; a concentrically wrinkled dysodot of Jurassic to Cretaceous age.
Aviculopecten is a long ranging (Silurian to Permian) pectinoid dysodont. Colpomya is a mytilid dysodont of Ordovician to Silurian age. “Pectinoid” defines a group of relatively large marine scallops. The term “dysodont” applies to a type of hinge definition found in bivalves, where the teeth
are small and simple and located close to the dorsal margins of the valves. The term “mytilid” refers to marine pelecypods with dark, elongated shells that attach themselves to hard surfaces in intertidal zones.
5. The answer is choice “b” or “peak strength in the stress-strain curve.”
“Ductility” is defined as the total percent deformation before rupture. Earth materials that deform plastically exhibit ductile behavior. Brittle behavior is opposite to ductile deformation
The point at the knee of the stress-strain curve beyond which deformation is permanent defines the “yield stress” or “yield point.”
40 TPG •
Jan.Feb.Mar 2019
www.aipg.org
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