TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE 5. The values illustrated in the table 1 shown below are taken from an interesting, early study by Shogo Matsushima (1961) relating
rock strength versus depth in connection with the distribution of earthquakes of significant magnitude. Strength S1 depicts the effects of pressure only, whereas strength S2 takes both pressure and temperature into account. The rock pertinent to the values on this table is dunite.
Table 1. Strength of dunite in kilobars versus depth in kilometers. S2 (kb)
Depth (km) Pressure effect only S1 (kb)
10 20 30 40 50 60 80
100
10.9 15.5 22.1 27.4 31.9 36.4 40.4 47.4 53.1
temperature effects combined
8 9.15
10.15 10.6
10.15 9.9
9.55 8.2 6.3
Based on the data provided, which statement is correct?
a) The linear relationships between S1 vs. depth and S2 vs. depth are dissimilar with coefficients of correlation of consider- ably different magnitudes.
b) The variation of strength S2 (y) with depth (x) is best approximated by the equation y = (x-2)2 + 5, especially between depths of 20-60 km.
c) Dunite appears to exhibit brittle behavior at depths exceeding 75 kilometers.
d) Between depths (x) of 20-60 km, strength S2 (y) varies substantially. e) Oh oh! This has the potential of stopping my amazing run of correct answers. Therefore, dude, I’m quitting while I’m ahead! It is HAPPY HOUR, anyway, so I’m out of here! Arrivederci! A bientôt! Bis bald! Chao! Ser deg snart! Sizobonana maduze! Tot ziens! Sampai jumpa lagi!, Hasta luego cocodrilo!...
Executive Director's Message, Continued from p. 38
Memberships without full voting and committee rights (AKA Adjunct Memberships)
The AIPG Student membership was created to provide students with membership in an organization dedicated to the professional practice of geology and as a way to encourage students to become ECP members of the Institute. Student members must be currently enrolled in a geoscience program at a college or university and be a declared major in a geological science or closely related field or have a vocational or recreational interest in geoscience. Student memberships are free as long as the student remains enrolled in good standing at a college or university. A member who leaves the workforce to go back to school full-time may become a stu- dent member during that time and have their ECP or Professional membership reinstated upon graduation. Student members are not eligible to serve in any elected National office or any National committee unless that committee specifically states that a student member is allowed. Students generally are not eligible to serve as Section officers or on Section committees. Students do not have the right to vote in National or Section elections.
The Associate membership was created so that anyone who has an interest in the profession of geology and/or the aims of the
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Institute but is not qualified under another membership category could be a member of the Institute. Associate membership does not carry any educational requirement. To become an Associate member, one has only to have an interest in the geological sciences. Associate members may not serve as elected officers or members of committees at the National or Section level, nor do they have voting rights in National or Section elections.
All AIPG members, regardless of membership type are required
to adhere to the ethical and professional standards of the Institute. Additionally, applicants for membership are expected to affirm that they have not had a licensure, certification, or other similar qualifi- cation suspended or terminated for ethical or disciplinary reasons.
Our members are the lifeblood of AIPG. Each of you helps AIPG
continue to be the gold standard of geoscience professionalism. Whether it’s serving the Institute in a leadership position, volunteer- ing to do outreach at meetings or with colleges and universities, or sharing your professional experience with others, our members provide critical support to the profession, the Institute, and most importantly, to each other. You’re also our best advertisers. I hope this summary helps to outline the benefits of each membership type while illustrating the differences in each.
Aaron
Jul.Aug.Sep 2024 • TPG 41 Pressure &
pressure at depth (kb)
1.3 2.7 5.5 8.5
Expected
temperature C at depth
02200 5
11.5 15
18.5 25.5 32
200 350 550 700 850 980
1100 1300 1500
Expected
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